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The Transition Metals - Properties.
The transition metals
1) All have the common properties of
metals
being good conductors of heat and electricity
and silvery-grey in
colour,
except copper, Cu, (pink-brown) and
gold, Au,
(golden).
2) Are harder than group 1 and group 2 metals
and generally have higher melting and boiling
points
and high densities.
3) Are less
reactive than group 1 and
group 2 metals
and react only slowly with air and water.
4) Often make coloured compounds (see tests for ions).
The oxidation
state is written in Roman Numerals in brackets
after the name of the element.
So, iron(II) means iron which
has lost two electrons
to form an Fe2+ ion, (valency 2).
Iron(III)
means iron which has lost three electrons
to form an Fe3+ ion,
(valency 3).
Iron(II) ions are green.
Iron(III)
ions are red-brown (rust
coloured).
Copper(II) ions are
blue (as in copper(II) sulphate).
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